ISSN# 1545-4428 | Published date: 19 April, 2024
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At-A-Glance Session Detail
   
(23)Na(31)P Time
Oral
Contrast Mechanisms
Wednesday, 08 May 2024
Room 334-336
13:30 -  15:30
Moderators: Erin MacMillan & Bhavana Solanky
Session Number: O-27
CME Credit

13:300922.
39K/23Na-MRI at 7T for assessment of ionic balance combined with fat quantification at 3T in myofibrillar myopathies
Claudius Sebastian Mathy1,2, Lena Vanessa Gast1, Christian Holtzhausen3, Teresa Gerhalter1, Matthias Türk4,5, Rafael Heiß1, Arnd Dörfler6, Michael Uder1, Armin Michael Nagel1,7, and Rolf Schröder3
1Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 2Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 3Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 4Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, 5Centre for Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 6Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 7Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany

Keywords: Muscle, Rare disease, Potassium, Sodium

Motivation: Recent advances have enabled the application of 39K-MRI in skeletal muscle in vivo. Moreover, information on disease progression/pathogenesis from non-invasive 1H-MRI is still limited.

Goal(s): Determination of apparent tissue potassium and tissue sodium concentrations (aTPC/aTSC) in myofibrillar myopathies.

Approach: Less severe effected lower legs of 10 patients with filaminopathy-, desminopathy- and zaspopathy-causing mutations measured by 39K/23Na-MRI at 7T and Dixon-type-sequence at 3T.

Results: Fat-corrected ion concentrations were significantly altered in calf muscles of all patients with myofibrillar myopathies in comparison to healthy control subjects. Despite incoherencies with respect to disease progression and etiology fat-corrected aTSC were in- and aTPC were decreased.

Impact: Combined 39K/23Na-MRI detects changes in ionic balance beyond fatty replacement of muscle in a diverse cohort of myofibrillar myopathies. Further studies are needed to investigate whether different genotypes or whether disease progression can be detected in early stages by 39K/23Na-MRI.      

13:420923.
3D Seiffert spiral k-space trajectories for a functional sodium (23Na) MRI protocol at 3T
Samuel Rot1,2, Matthew Clemence3, Bhavana S Solanky1,4, and Claudia A. M. Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott1,5,6
1NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Philips Healthcare, Best, Netherlands, 4Quantitative Imaging Group, Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 5Department of Brain & Behavioral, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 6Digital Neuroscience Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy

Keywords: Non-Proton, Non-Proton

Motivation: With advancing hardware, scan durations of 23Na-MRI have decreased, enabling novel applications that probe dynamic  or functional processes; existing sequences, though, may not fully exploit the possible acceleration.

Goal(s): Implement and demonstrate a highly efficient ultrashort echo time non-Cartesian sequence based on 3D Seiffert spirals, for temporally-resolved applications of 23Na-MRI.

Approach: A possible acquisition protocol for functional brain 23Na-MRI at a temporal resolution of 47s was tested on a healthy volunteer at rest, at 3T.

Results: Image quality and SNR are high considering the temporal resolution, with compressed sensing successfully reducing noise. Further work will optimise the sequence analytically, ensuring homogeneous k-space sampling.

Impact: Dynamic 23Na-MRI at 3T is possible at sub-minute temporal resolution with a 3D Seiffert spiral k-space trajectory. Unlike for other sequences, efficient k-space coverage is achieved without downsides of unpleasant acoustic noise, or exciting mechanical resonances of scanner hardware.  

13:540924.
Dynamic Mode Decomposition reveals 23Na Multi-Quantum Coherences and allows incomplete RF Phase-Cycling
Christian Licht1,2, Efe Ilicak1,2, Simon Reichert1,2, Lothar R Schad1,2, and Stanislas Rapacchi3,4
1Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 2Mannheim Institute for Intelligent Systems in Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 3CNRS, CRMBM, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France, 4APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France

Keywords: Non-Proton, Non-Proton, Dynamic Mode Decomposition, Signal separation

Motivation: Sodium (23Na) Multi-Quantum Coherences (MQC) MRI potentially provides richer tissue information. However, separation of the single (SQ) and triple (TQ) quantum coherences is challenging and is done by computing the Fourier transform (FT). Unfortunately, the FT is susceptible to noise and phase-cycle imperfections.

Goal(s): To enable reliable frequency separation of the superimposed 23Na MQC signal even with undersampling phase-cycling. 

Approach: Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) was used to separate the signal components and was tested on numerical simulations, phantom and in vivo brain data acquired at 3T. 

Results: DMD reliably separated SQ and TQ signal components from 23Na MQC MRI despite missing phase-cycling steps.

Impact: DMD reliably separates SQ and TQ signal components and has the potential to enable phase-cycle undersampling below the TQ Nyquist limit to accelerate 23Na MQC MRI. Despite 23Na MQC MRI, every MRI experiment involving phase-cycling could benefit from this approach.

14:060925.
Low-rank reconstruction for simultaneous Double-Half-Echo 23Na and undersampled 23Na Multi-Quantum Coherences MRI
Christian Licht1,2, Simon Reichert1,2, Mark Bydder3, Jascha Zapp1,2, Shirley Corella3,4, Maxime Guye3,4, Lothar R Schad1,2, and Stanislas Rapacchi3,4
1Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 2Mannheim Institute for Intelligent Systems in Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 3CNRS, CRMBM, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France, 4APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France

Keywords: Non-Proton, Non-Proton, low-rank matrix completion, sequence optimization

Motivation: Sodium (23Na) Multi-Quantum Coherences (MQC) MRI potentially provides richer tissue information. However, 3D 23Na multi-quantum coherences imaging lacks conventional 23Na MRI resolution and requires multiple radiofrequency phase-cycling limiting spatial resolution.

Goal(s): We propose an efficient sequence to simultaneously acquire Cartesian double-half echo (DHE) 23Na and accelerated 23Na MQC MRI.

Approach: Leveraging advanced low-rank matrix completion frameworks to enable simultaneous DHE 23Na and 23Na MQC MRI were tested on numerical simulations, retro- and prospectively undersampled phantom and in vivo brain data acquired at 7T.

Results: Simultaneous Cartesian 23Na and higher resolution 3-fold prospectively undersampled 23Na MQC brain MRI of 4 volunteers were obtained. 

Impact: The new sequence, in combination with the low-rank reconstruction frameworks, enables efficient 23Na and higher resolution 23Na MQC MRI while supporting conventional 1H-based acceleration techniques and offers, therefore, a convenient sequence for the sodium MRI community.

14:180926.
Interleaved 23Na/1H (pTx) MRI of the human heart at 7 Tesla
Laurent Ruck1, Nico Egger1, Sophia Nagelstraßer1, Tobias Wilferth1, Jürgen Herrler2, Christoph Kopp3, Saskia Wildenberg1,4, Andreas K. Bitz4, Michael Uder1, and Armin M. Nagel1,5
1Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 2Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, 3Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 4Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, FH Aachen - University of Applied Sciences, Aachen, Germany, 5Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany

Keywords: Non-Proton, Non-Proton, Sodium MRI, 23Na MRI, interleaved 23Na/1H MRI, High-Field MRI

Motivation: Interleaved dual-nuclear acquisition enables time-efficient 23Na and 1H cardiac MRI within one measurement. However, at 7T the reduced excitation wavelengths can lead to flip angle (FA) inhomogeneities in 23Na MRI and even to signal dropouts in 1H MRI. Both effects impair a reproducible quantitative evaluation of the myocardial 23Na signal.

Goal(s): To reduce FA inhomogeneities for interleaved 23Na/1H MRI.

Approach: We included three different pTx pulses in 1H MRI of the interleaved sequence and introduced a fast 23Na FA mapping. 

Results: All three pTx pulses improved the 1H FA homogeneity and 23Na images showed better signal homogeneity after FA correction.

Impact: Interleaved 23Na/1H (pTx) MRI in combination with additional fast 23Na FA mapping is less prone to FA inhomogeneities and by that should enable reliable quantification of myocardial 23Na signal within clinically feasible acquisition times.

14:300927.
Simultaneous 1H MRF / 23Na MRI in knee cartilage at 7 T
Anne Adlung1,2, Zoe Pursel1,3, Baptiste Busi1,2, Gonzalo Gabriel Rodriguez1,4, and Guillaume Madelin1,2
1Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 3Pelham Memorial High School, Pelham, NY, United States, 4NMR Signal Enhancement, Max Planck for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany

Keywords: Non-Proton, Non-Proton

Motivation: Sodium MRI can provide tissue sodium concentration (TSC) and enable assessment of knee cartilage degradation.

Goal(s): We aim to quantify TSC, proton density (PD) and 1H T1 and T2 in the knee from multinuclear simultaneous acquisition.

Approach: We acquired 23Na-only FLORET and simultaneous 1H MRF/23Na MRI data in the knee of four healthy volunteers. We calculated TSC maps from both 23Na acquisitions for comparison, and PD, T1 and T2 maps from 1H MRF.

Results: Mean TSC in patellar and femorotibial cartilage, and gastrocnemius muscle showed no significant differences between both sodium acquisitions. Mean TSC, PD, T1 and T2 values were within previously-reported range.

Impact: We showed that a 3D simultaneous 1H MRF/23Na MRI acquisition at 7 T can provide reliable quantitative maps of TSC, PD, and 1H T1 and T2 relaxation times in cartilage.

14:420928.
Using NORDIC with 23Na MRI to study dynamic changes in tissue sodium concentration
Ben Prestwich1, Susan Francis1,2, Rosemary Nicholas1, and Daniel Marsh1
1Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham Univ. Hospital NHS Trust and Univ. Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

Keywords: Non-Proton, Non-Proton

Motivation: To perform 23Na MRI to study dynamic studies of changes in tissue sodium concentration in-vivo.

Goal(s): To demonstrate the application of NOise Reduction with DIstribution Corrected (NORDIC) PCA denoising to 23Na MRI data.

Approach: Dynamic timeseries of 23Na GRE data and NORDIC denoising to validate measurement of a known change in sodium concentration in a phantom, and dynamic changes in calf muscle in response to exercise.

Results: NORDIC PCA denoising allows detection of the temporal change in sodium in a phantom with good spatial resolution. This is applied to study the dynamics of sodium changes in muscle in response to exercise.

Impact: NOise Reduction with DIstribution Corrected (NORDIC) PCA denoising provides the potential to improve low SNR 23Na MRI measures to study dynamic changes in sodium on a spatially resolved level. Here, applied to study 23Na changes in calf muscle on exercise.

14:540929.
Validation of High Spatial Resolution 23Na Imaging of the Skin
Theodora Slater1, Ben L Prestwich1, and Susan T Francis1
1Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

Keywords: Non-Proton, Non-Proton, skin

Motivation: The storage of sodium in the skin is thought to be a physiologically important regulatory mechanism for blood pressure, volume regulation, and to change with age, hypertension and disease such as renal and cardiovascular disease.

Goal(s): To image the skin at higher spatial resolution for improved estimation of skin sodium quantification.

Approach: To develop a dual-tuned 23Na/1H skin coil to image a skin ‘phantom’ and the skin in-vivo. To apply a B1-mapping correction and use the skin ‘phantom’ to validate methods, and study the effects of spatial resolution on skin sodium measures.  

Results: High resolution skin sodium imaging was achieved, improving 23Na quantification.

Impact: Improved spatial resolution of sodium imaging measures of the skin will provide improved assessment of quantification of skin sodium to study the effects of age, ethnicity and disease.

15:060930.
3D whole brain mapping of creatine kinase metabolic rate using 31P-MR fingerprinting.
Mark Stephan Widmaier1,2, Antonia Kaiser1, Ying Xiao1,3, Zhiwei Huang1,4, Yun Jiang5, Song-I Lim6, Daniel Wenz6, and Lijing Xin6
1Animal imaging and technology core, CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 5Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, United States, 6Animal imaging and technology core, CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland

Keywords: MR Fingerprinting, MR Fingerprinting, 31P, MRF, creatine kinase rate, kCK, MRSI, 7T

Motivation: Using 31P MRS combined with magnetization transfer (MT) experiments including saturation transfer or inversion transfer to assess chemical exchange rate of creatine kinase (kCK) in the human brain are time-consuming and limited to 1D-acquisitions.

Goal(s): Acquiring a 3D whole brain kCK map.

Approach: In this abstract, we introduce an advanced, fast 3D-31P-MRF sequence for the human brain at 7T.

Results: The novel 3D-31P-MRF approach is feasible for whole brain mapping of kCK, enabling the investigation of region-specific energy metabolism under various pathological conditions.

Impact: Using the novel 3D-31P-MR Fingerprinting approach for whole brain mapping of kCK enables us to investigate region-specific energy metabolism under various pathological conditions and may enhance our understanding of the underlying molecular and metabolic processes.

15:180931.
Fast Volumetric Mapping of Brain NAD Levels Using 7T 31P-MRSI and Learned Probabilistic Subspaces
Rong Guo1,2, Shaolin Yang3, Hannes M Wiesner4, Yudu Li2, Yibo Zhao2,5, Zhi-Pei Liang2,5, Wei Chen4, and Xiao-Hong Zhu4
1Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Urbana, IL, United States, 2Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 3Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 4Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 5Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States

Keywords: Non-Proton, Non-Proton

Motivation: Measuring brain intracellular NAD levels has long been of interest, but the current 31P-MRSI methods would take prohibitively long scan times for mapping NAD.

Goal(s): To present a method for fast volumetric NAD mapping of the entire human brain. 

Approach: In vivo 31P-MRSI scans were performed at 7T with a nominal resolution of 1.0 cc within 20 minutes. A probabilistic subspace-based method integrating spectral prior, spatial constraint, and statistical distributions was applied for denoising. 

Results: The proposed method successfully provided high-resolution brain NAD mapping within 20-minute scans. The results also showed promises in revealing metabolic tissue heterogeneity and age correlation of NAD. 

Impact: This work demonstrates the feasibility of volumetric brain NAD mapping with a nominal resolution of 1.0 cc within 20 minutes. It may provide a powerful metabolic imaging tool for many applications.